The Doctor's Bag - Contents

The doctor's bag is very important and the contents of it vary according to the individual doctor and their pattern of work. GPs working in remote parts of the Highlands of Scotland will obviously have very different requirements from those working in the inner city. For security reasons, a GP may prefer to wear a jacket or coat with capacious pockets rather than carry a bag. In this case, the following minimum equipment might be carried:

• Photocard ID - whereas many patients may recognise their regular GP, locums or new GPs may need to confirm their identity before admission.
• Stationery - a limited number of FP10 (prescriptions), Med3/5 (sick-notes), headed letterpaper/compliments slips, and envelopes.
• Mobile phone.
• British National Formulary or equivalent.
• Stethoscope & Pocket Diagnostic Set.
• Aneroid Sphygmomanometer & Infra-red thermometer -sphygmomanometers should have calibration date stickers, a service available from some pharmaceutical representatives.
• Large-volume spacer (e.g.Nebuhaler).
• Alcohol wipes, gloves, lubricating jelly .
• Personal alarm - several versions are readily available. The police suggest that when used, an alarm is thrown about 10-20 feet to cause distraction.

If a bag is carried the following should should be considered:

• The bag must be lockable and not left unattended.
• Most medicines should be stored between 4° and 25°C. A silver-coloured bag or cool bag is more likely to keep drugs cooler than a traditional black bag.
• Consider keeping a maximum-minimum thermometer in the bag to record extremes of temperature.
• Bright lights may inactivate some drugs (e.g. injectable prochlorperazine) so keep the bag closed when not in use.
• Lock the bag out of sight in the boot when not in use.
• Use a non loose-leaf notebook to record the origin, expiry date and batch numbers of all drugs administered. This can also be used as a controlled drugs register. A record of patient name, substance, quantity and date should be made within 24 hours of issue of a controlled drug.
• Check at least twice a year that drugs are in date and usable (more often for Syntometrine). Discard all products that have nearly expired and replace them.
• If oxygen is carried, the car should be labelled with the correct 'Hazchem' sticker.
• Patients given more than immediate treatment should also be supplied with a patient information leaflet.

Suggested basic equipment to be carried in a bag, (additional to the list above) includes:

• Local map
• Additional sphygmomanometer cuffs
• Reflex hammer
• Hand decontamination products
• Multistix
• Tongue depressors, preferably wrapped.
• Small torch
• Additional stationery FP7 and FP8 (continuation cards), investigation forms.
• Peak flow meter, preferably low-reading.
• A selection of airways can form part of the cars first aid kit, which can be extended to ones own preference and skills up to full "BASICS" level.
• Syringes, needles, and tourniquet 2ml syringes, with a couple of 5ml should suffice.

Some GPs also carry the following:

• Glucometer
• Phlebotomy equipment: Of value only if there are means of conveying the specimen(s) to the surgery.
• Numerical aids Gestation calculator, Peak flow wheel/height-weight age ranges on reverse, body mass calculator.
• Vision charts 3 metre visual acuity, and arms-length colour vision.
• A tape measure.
• A hand-held spotlight plugged into the cigar lighter can highlight house numbers (where they exist).
• A reversible fluorescent jacket (with velcro "Doctor" signs) carried in the boot can be helpful in emergencies.
• Electronic equipment needs to be used regularly, both for familiarity in use and economic value. Consideration should be given regarding carrying nebulisers/sonicaids/defibrillators.

The selection of a particular drug to be carried in a doctor's bag should be based on a number of considerations including the GP's personal familiarity with the drug, storage requirements, shelf-life, cost, the availability of ambulance paramedic cover, the availability of a 24 hour pharmacy, and the proximity of the nearest hospital.
The list of drugs below, based on guidance from the Drugs and Therapeutics Bulletin ^{1 2} can be used as the basis for a selection that can be used to meet common clinical scenarios.
N.B. When an antibiotic or anti-viral is given, a full course should be given (i.e. enough medication to treat the presenting condition).^{3 4}

Analgesia

• Paracetamol - 120mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml oral suspensions, 500mg tablets.
• Ibuprofen - 100mg/5ml oral suspension , 400mg tablets.
• Codeine - 25mg in 5ml syrup, 30mg tablets.
• Morphine - 10mg/5ml oral solution, 10mg/ml injection.
• Diamorphine - 5mg or 10mg (powder for reconstitution with water for injection).
• Diclofenac - 25mg/ml injection, 12.5mg and 100mg suppositories.
• Diazepam - 5mg tablets (for muscle spasm)
• Naloxone - 400micrograms/ml injection (to reverse opioid overdose).

Antimicrobials

• Benzylpenicillin - 600mg vial for reconstitution with sodium chloride or water for injection.
• Cefotaxime - 1g vial reconstituted with water for injection.
• Chloramphenicol - 1g vial reconstituted in water for injection.
• Amoxycillin - 125mg/ml and 250mg/5ml oral suspension, 250mg capsules.
• Erythromycin - 125mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml suspensions, 250mg tablets.
• Clarithromycin - 125mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml suspensions, 250mg tablets.
• Trimethoprim - 50mg/5ml suspension, 200mg tablets.
• Cefalexin - 125mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml suspension, 250mg capsules.
• Flucloxacillin - 125mg/5ml and 250mg/5ml suspensions, 250mg tablets.
• Aciclovir - 800mg tablets.

Asthma

• A short-acting beta-agonist - Salbutamol MDI 1mg/ml nebuliser solution, or terbutaline MDI 2.5ml/ml nebuliser solution.⁵
• Prednisolone - 5mg soluble tablets.⁵
• Oxygen - delivered via a close-fitting face mask or nasal prongs.
• Ipratropium - 250micrograms/ml nebuliser solution.
• Hydrocortisone - 100mg powder as sodium succinate for reconstitution with water for injection (also useful for anaphylactic shock, adrenal crises).

Rehydration

Oral Rehydration Salts - Dioralyte or Electrolade sachets.

Diabetic Hypoglycaemia

• Glucogel - 40% dextrose ampoules.⁶
• Glucagon - 1mg/ml injection.⁶
• Intravenous Glucose - 25ml ampoules (5% and 20%)

Seizures

• Rectal diazepam - 2mg/ml and 4mg/ml strengths in a 2.5ml rectal application tube.⁷
• Midazolam - 5mg/ml, 2ml ampoule given bucally via a syringe (unlicensed route).⁷
• Lorazepam- 4mg/ml injection⁷.

Anaphylaxis

• Adrenaline - 1mg/ml ampoules, i.e. 1:1,000.
• Chlorphenamine - 4mg tablets, 2mg/5ml syrup, 10mg/ml ampoules for injection.
• Sodium chloride - 0.9%, 500ml via giving set.

Nausea and Vomiting

• Domperidone - 1mg/ml suspension, 10mg tablets, 30mg suppositories.
• Prochlorperazine 5mg/ml syrup, 5mg tablets, 5mg and 25mg suppositories, 12.5mg/m injection.
• Cyclizine - 50mg/5ml mixture, 50mg tablets, 50mg/ml injection.
• Procyclidine - (to reverse oculogyric crises) 5mg/ml injection.
• Metoclopramide - 1mg/ml paediatric liquid, 5mg/5ml elixir, 10mg tablets, 5mg/ml injections.

Myocardial infarction and angina

• Aspirin - 75mg tablets (give two).⁸
• Glyceryl trinitrate spray - 400micrograms/metered dose spray.⁸
• Streptokinase - 1,500,000 units vial or equivalent (some GPs may administer as per protocol drawn up in conjunction with local cardiologists).
• Atropine - 600micrograms/ml injection for bradycardia.⁸

Acute Left Ventricular Failure

Furosemide - 10mg/ml injection, 20-50mg by slow IV injection. Also useful to have 40mg tablets available for less severe CCF.

Post-partum Haemorrhage

Syntometrine - ergometrine maleate 500micrograms plus oxytocin 5units/ml injection.

Psychiatric Emergencies

• Haloperidol - 1.5mg tablets, 5mg/ml injection.^{9 10}
• Lorazepam - 1mg tablets, 4mg/ml injections.
• Flumazenil - 100micrograms/ml injection to reverse respiratory depression caused by lorazepam.