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Non-specific Viral Rash

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Many virus infections can cause a rash in addition to other symptoms.

What is a viral rash?

The symptoms caused by virus infections can vary depending upon the virus. One of the symptoms that may occur is a rash. There are some well known viral rashes. For example, the measles virus and the chickenpox virus cause characteristic rashes along with other symptoms. Sometimes a typical rash helps a doctor to diagnose which virus is causing an illness.

Many viruses can cause a rash in addition to other symptoms such as fever, cough, etc. Many of these rashes are 'non-specific'. This means the rash is not specific or characteristic enough to identify the virus that is causing the rash. The doctor cannot say which virus is the culprit, but that some virus is a likely cause of the rash.

Virus rashes vary in shape and size. However, they often appear as blotchy red spots. Commonly they affect most of the body. Sometimes they appear dramatically. For example, you may wake up in the morning to find yourself covered in a rash. It usually lasts only a few days. Sometimes the rash is slightly itchy. Usually the rash disappears without trace within a few days. There are a great variety of types.

Are viral rashes serious?

The virus rash itself is not usually serious. What matters is whether other symptoms or problems occur. For example, the measles virus can cause a nasty illness with a chest infection, severe diarrhoea, etc, in addition to a rash. However, many viruses cause only minor symptoms - perhaps a mild fever or slight cough - but the rash may look quite dramatic. Sometimes the rash appears just as the other symptoms are improving.

Pregnant women - most viral infections causing a rash will do no harm to the developing baby. However, some may do. For example, the rubella (german measles) virus. It is therefore best for pregnant women to avoid people who have an infectious rash. Also, if you are pregnant and develop a rash it is best to see a doctor for advice.

In summary

The sudden appearance of a widespread blotchy rash is quite common. It is often due to a virus infection. It is the other symptoms that may be of more concern. If other symptoms are mild then there is usually little to worry about. It will usually go in a few days. There is no specific treatment for the rash itself. Treatment should be aimed at the other symptoms. For example, paracetamol can be used for high temperatures, etc.

See a doctor if you are concerned that a rash or other symptoms may be serious.

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Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.
© EMIS 2009 Reviewed: 18 Sep 2009 DocID: 4358 Version: 38

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The authors and editors of this article are employed to create accurate and up to date content reflecting reliable research evidence, guidance and best clinical practice. They are free from any commercial conflicts of interest. Find out more about updating.

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