Preventing Caries in Children

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What is caries?

Caries (tooth decay) is perhaps the most common disease of children in the UK. It is caused by bacteria which act on certain foods in the mouth. Sugary foods and drinks are the worst. The combination of bacteria and food causes acids to form which can slowly dissolve the teeth. If this happens, a filling may be needed. If it is left untreated, the tooth may decay further and need to be removed.

How can caries be prevented?

Brushing teeth
Encourage children to brush their teeth at least twice a day. Start as soon as the first tooth develops in infancy so that you and your child get into a habit. Many children don't like their teeth being brushed at first. However, it is possible to make it into a game when first started. Do persist as it is very important to develop this habit.

By the age of 3 or 4 children can often clean their own teeth (under supervision). A fluoride toothpaste is recommended.

Foods
As far as possible, limit sugary foods and drinks between meals. If you children have sweets, it may be better to eat them all at once as a snack rather than spread them over several hours. Try fruit or raw vegetables as snacks instead. If you child needs medicine, sugar-free medicines are best if they are available.

Fluoride
Fluoride is a chemical that is found naturally in water in very low concentrations. It helps to protect teeth against caries. Some areas have fluoride added to the water supply. This has greatly reduced tooth decay in those areas. It is worth finding out if your area is a fluoride area (your dentist will know). If not, your dentist may advise fluoride drops.

Dental checks
It is worth getting your child used to dental check-ups from an early age. A check up every 6-12 months is best. In some areas, particularly where there is no fluoride in the water supply, a 'sealant' can be placed in the crevices at the back of the teeth by a dentist. This helps protect the teeth from caries and tooth decay. It is 6-7 year olds who may benefit most. A dentist will advise about this.

© EMIS and PIP 2004   Updated: October 2002   CHIQ Accredited   

The authors and editors of this article are employed to create accurate and up to date content reflecting reliable research evidence, guidance and best clinical practice. They are free from any commercial conflicts of interest. Find out more about updating.

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